Glossary
An arrangement where an external funder finances a party's legal costs in return for a share of what the claim recovers.
My notes
savedWhere this stands, as at August 2026
English law has treated the share-of-recovery structure as contentious since the Supreme Court's decision in PACCAR. See Litigation Funding.
Disclosure
The process by which each party to litigation reveals to the other the documents relevant to the issues in dispute.
Injunction
A court order compelling a party to do something (mandatory) or refrain from doing something (prohibitory), breach of which is contempt of court.
Freezing Order
A court order preventing a party from dealing with or dissipating its assets, designed to preserve funds for a potential future judgment.
Arbitral Award
The binding decision issued by an arbitral tribunal, enforceable internationally under the New York Convention.
Seat of Arbitration
The legal jurisdiction governing the arbitration proceedings (as distinct from the physical venue), determining the courts with supervisory jurisdiction.
Pre-Action Protocol
Rules requiring parties to exchange information and attempt settlement before issuing court proceedings, with cost penalties for non-compliance.
Without Prejudice
A legal privilege protecting statements made in genuine settlement negotiations from being disclosed to the court.
Civil Procedure Rules
The rules governing how civil litigation is conducted in the courts of England and Wales, covering everything from statements of case to costs.